On September 25, 2025, young members of Madagascar’s Generation Z protested initially demanding essential services such as water and electricity. This social anger quickly escalated into a major political challenge.
This mobilization resulted in the departure of President Andry Rajoelina and the establishment of a military government. One year after these events, the assessment is mixed: some former protesters note progress, while others feel betrayed by how things have unfolded.
Expectations remain high, particularly regarding improvements in essential services, guarantees of freedoms, justice for victims of the unrest, and the conclusion of the political transition period.
Tin Rakotomalala, president and co-founder of the think tank Diapason, offers an analysis of this complex situation, questioning whether Madagascar’s Gen Z can transform their revolt into lasting political change or if others have exploited the unrest.
